In Greek mythology, Arethusa (Aretusa in Italian) was a chaste nymph and daughter of Nereus who, while fleeing a river god, was transformed by Artemis into a spring. She traveled underground and reappeared as a fresh water fountain on the tiny island of Ortygia (the historical center) in Syracuse, Sicily, thus providing water for the city.

Over the years, this fresh water source right next to the sea provided the citizens of Syracuse (who are also known as 'aretusea') with a huge advantage, but also provided other civilizations with a reason to colonize the island.

Waters here still flow placidly toward the sea and this is one of three spots in Europe (all are in Sicily, actually) where papyrus grows. The island of Ortygia is not to be missed on any visit to Sicily, and the fountain provides a lovely place to sit, relax, and have some gelato.